Friday, December 27, 2019

List of Filipino Novels - 2107 Words

NOVELS BY FILIPINO AUTHORS IN ENGLISH Updated on 14 June 2011 Alanguilan, Gerry. Elmer. SLG Publishing, 2010. [FANTASY/GRAPHIC NOVEL] __________. Humanis Rex! Fudge, 2005. [FANTASY/GRAPHIC NOVEL] __________. Wasted. Alamat, 2002. [ACTION/GRAPHIC NOVEL] Alanguilan, Gerry and Arlan Esmeà ±a. Where Bold Stars Go to Die. Komikero, 2009. [EROTICA/GRAPHIC NOVEL] Alfar, Dean Francis. Salamanca. Ateneo, 2007. [FANTASY] Alumit, Noel. Letters to Montgomery Clift. MacAdam/Cage, 2002. [LITERARY FICTION] __________. Talking to the Moon. Carroll Graf, 2007. [LITERARY FICTION] Aà ±ozo, Jose E.C. Project Pawai, An Adventure In The Far East. New Day, 1995. [LITERARY FICTION] Apostol, Gina. Bibliolepsy. U.P., 1997. [LITERARY FICTION] __________. The†¦show more content†¦Longitude. U.P., 1998. [HISTORICAL/LITERARY FICTION] Daguio, Amador T. The Cradle of Summer. [LITERARY FICTION] __________. House of My Spirit. [LITERARY FICTION] __________. Hunger. [LITERARY FICTION] Dalisay, Jose Y. Killing Time in a Warm Place. Anvil, 1992. [HISTORICAL/LITERARY FICTION] __________. Soledad’s Sister. Anvil, 2008. [LITERARY FICTION] Daroy, E. Vallado. Hazards of Memory. New Day, 1992. [LITERARY FICTION] De los Santos, Marisa. Love Walked In. Plume, 2006. [CHICK LIT] __________. Belong to Me. Harper, 2009. [CHICK LIT] De Mesa, Karl. News of the Shaman. Visprint, 2010. [FANTASY/HORROR] Enriquez, Antonio. The Living in the Dead. Giraffe, 1994. [LITERARY FICTION] __________. Subanons. U.P. 1998. [LITERARY FICTION] __________. Surveyors of Liguasan Marsh. [Univ. of Queensland, 1981] A. Ruby/ARE, 1991. [HISTORICAL/LITERARY FICTION] Enriquez, Mig Alvarez. Devil Flower. National. 1977. [HISTORICAL/LITERARY FICTION] __________. House of Images. New Day, 1993. [LITERARY FICTION] Esguerra, Mina V. My Imaginary Ex. Summit, 2009. [CHICK LIT] __________. No Strings Attached. Summit, 2010. [CHICK LIT] Fernando, Gilda Cordero. Bad Kings. Anvil, 2006. [YOUNG ADULT FICTION] Francisco, Karen. Naermyth. Visprint, 2010. [SCI-FI/FANTASY] Furman, Alice Taylor. In the Shadow of the Rising Sun. Vantage Press, 2002. [HISTORICAL/LITERARY FICTION] Galang, Evelina. One Tribe. New Issues Press, 2006. [HISTORICAL/LITERARY FICTION] Galang, Zoilo. A Child ofShow MoreRelatedPilipinong Manunulat1723 Words   |  7 Pagespopular to Filipinos until now. Some of his creations turned Filipino icons such as â€Å"Panday† (a Blacksmith hero) and many others. As a producer and director, Carlo J. Caparas produced box-office movies based on comics and true-to-life stories and crimes. In 2009 he received National Artist Award granted by the President of the Philippines. 9. Mars Ravelo is also a comic strip creator and writer who became phenomenal in the Philippines for his created superheroes such as â€Å"Darna† (a Filipino version ofRead MoreThe World War II And The Nazi Party Of Germany Essay1184 Words   |  5 Pagesstill separated to many districts ruled by their land lords. With this manner of rule on their own particular district, most of the Japanese are not attached to the core of their country that their nationalism was not progressive. Every nation has a list of national holidays, where everyone is given a break from works to celebrate as an entire country or nation on that special day. Nationalism is also evident in celebrations, since the whole country is in one enjoying and honoring that special eventRead MoreResearch Paper About Rizal2146 Words   |  9 Pagesbelieves that anything is incorrect. Then, should it be necessary, it can be amended. I ask that any information that is offered is factually based rather than opinion or rumour. Many Filipinos are unaware of the degree of affection that existed between Rizal and Bracken. The romanticised notion of Rizal as of a Filipino politician during his brief life with women from various parts of the world as his conquest overshadowed the real love and relationship he had with Bracken. Rizal was obviously happyRead MoreRolling the Rs by R. Zamora Linmark435 Words   |  2 Pagesalso be a system that continually ensures some races and cultures remain inferior. Thro ugh a series of vignettes written with Pidgin English, the reader follows a group of Filipino-American fifth graders from Kalihi, Hawaii as they struggle with personal and sexual identities while they come of age. The characters in this novel are labeled as racially and sexually improper and are therefore shamed by their small, poverty-stricken Hawaiian community. This intolerance portrayed in Rolling the R’sRead MoreHistory of Philippine Trnslation in the Philippines6599 Words   |  27 Pagesretold in Spanish two legends in Panay 2. Fray Ignacio Francisco Alzina - summarized in Spanish two narrative poems in Boholano 1940 - There were six million people with Spanish speaking skills in the Philippines 1950 Census - stated that Filipinos who spoke Spanish as a first or second language made up only 6% of the population 1973 - Spanish ceased to be an official language 1987 – Spanish is a college requirement during Aquino’s administration 1990 - The census reported that the number hadRead MorePeriod of Enlightenment8482 Words   |  34 Pagespassivity under Spanish rule, the Filipino spirit reawakened when the 3 priests Gomez, Burgos and Zamora were guillotined without sufficient evidence of guilt. This occurred on the 17th of February. This was buttressed with the spirit of liberalism when the Philippines opened it’s doors to world trade and with the coming of a liberal leader in the person of Governor Carlos Maria de la Torre. The Spaniards were unable to suppress the tide of rebellion among the Filipinos. The once religious spirit transformedRead MoreOther Woman1399 Words   |  6 Pagesvarious English poems, fictional stories and novels. She and her sister were like the famous Brà ¶nte sisters who were renowned British novelists. She worked as a journalist and taught English and Literature in different colleges and universities in Metro Manila. She travels extensively and divides her time between Singapore and Australia. She is married to a war historian and communist named Chin Peng. She said in one of her books â€Å"I have a list of my husband’s kindnesses as long as my armRead MoreCharacteristics of a National Hero4693 Words   |  19 PagesNational Heroes and Laws Honoring Filipino Historical Figures | Executive Summary No law, executive order or proclamation has been enacted or issued officially proclaiming any Filipino historical figure as a national hero. However, because of their significant roles in the process of nation building and contributions to history, there were laws enacted and proclamations issued honoring these heroes. Even Jose Rizal, considered as the greatest among the Filipino heroes, was not explicitly proclaimedRead MoreLife of Dr. Jose P. Rizal6588 Words   |  27 Pages | |Major monuments: |Rizal Park | Josà © Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda[1] (June 19, 1861 – December 30, 1896, ancestral home: Quanzhou, Fujian[2]), was a Filipino polymath, nationalist and the most prominent advocate for reforms in the Philippines during the Spanish colonial era. He is considered the Philippines national hero and the anniversary of Rizals death is commemorated as a Philippine holiday calledRead MoreAll About Dr. Jose Rizal4524 Words   |  19 Pagesnoble qualities and regarded as an ideal or model - the central figure in an event, period or movement, honored for outstanding qualities - he/she is someone who shows great courage in an important event According to Dr. Esteban de Ocampo, a known Filipino historian, as stated in his book about Rizal that: â€Å" a hero means a prominent or central personage taking an admirable part in any remarkable action or event; a person of distinguished valor or enterprise in danger, or fortitude in suffering; and

Thursday, December 19, 2019

Arts of the Contact Zone by Mary Louise Pratt - 999 Words

The â€Å"Arts of the Contact Zone†, an article written by Stanford professor Mary Louise Pratt, discusses many different ideas about culture and communication by utilizing what she calls the literate arts. Pratt explains many terms that she believes are beneficial in gaining a further understanding of a literary piece. Key terms such as, contact zone, autoethnography and transculturation are introduced in her essay. She describes contact zones as â€Å"social spaces where cultures meet, clash, and grapple with each other, often in contexts of highly asymmetrical relations of power†(Pratt 487). The contact zone can be summarized as a space where two groups with different beliefs or ideas intermingle. In the essay, Pratt also describes the literate arts that come out of the contact zone. Literary arts are ways of addressing problems in the contact zone and sometimes make an attempt to resolve the issue that is happening or has happened. Two terms heavily discussed in the essay are autoethnography and transculturation. These are only two of the many literate arts that precipitate out of the contact zone. Pratt defines autoethnography as a â€Å"text in which people undertake to describe themselves in ways that engage with representations others have made of them†(Pratt 487). The culture often takes on those stereotypes in some form of literary work and presents it to the dominant culture often trying to change their views or perspectives. Autoethnography is often used as an effective methodShow MoreRelated Arts of the Contact Zone by Mary Louise Pratt Essay575 Words   |  3 PagesArts of the Contact Zone by Mary Louise Pratt   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Arts of the Contact Zone by Mary Louise Pratt opened up a whole new concept for our class. The new term â€Å"contact zone† appeared and Pratt defined it as social spaces where cultures meet, clash, and grapple with each other, often in contexts of highly asymmetrical relations of power, such as colonialism, slavery, or their aftermaths as they are lived out in many parts of the world today. The idea of the contact zone is intended in part toRead MoreEssay on Arts of the Contact Zone, Mary Louise Pratt1245 Words   |  5 PagesPittsburgh, Pennsylvania. During the conference Mary Louise Pratt a Stanford Professor delivered a keynote/lecture that revolutionized how people think about their social spaces. She introduced a revolutionary way to think about these social spaces, instead of calling them communities she started calling it the â€Å"contact zone†. According to Pratt a â€Å"contact zone is a place where cultures meet, clash, and grappleà ¢â‚¬  (Pratt 487). While lecturing her fellow colleagues Pratt argues that our idea of community is stronglyRead MoreEssay on Arts of the Contact Zone by Mary Louise Pratt532 Words   |  3 PagesArts of the Contact Zone by Mary Louise Pratt In the Arts of the Contact Zone, Mary Louise Pratt has tried to explain the concepts of the â€Å"contact zone†, which she referred to as â€Å"the space of colonial encounters†. This social space that she speaks about is a stage where â€Å"disparate cultures meet, clash, and grapple each other, often in highly asymmetrical relations of domination and subordination†. Pratt aims to highlight these relations between the colonizer and the colonized â€Å"in terms ofRead MoreMary Louise Pratt Edward Said Essay1151 Words   |  5 Pageshomeland. Great opening sentences. Mary Louise Pratt, Kenji Yoshino and Edward Said all present very good methods of maintaining ones national identity in their essays. In Mary Louise Pratts essay Arts of the Contact Zone she gives examples of people who are in a contact zone. Contact zones are where people are meeting other cultures, and they have to remember not to lose their own. (this was a run-on so I made it into two sente ces)One of the Arts of the contact zone that describes what has happenedRead MoreThe Literate Arts: What is the Purpose?1334 Words   |  6 PagesNicholas Crawford English 103 10 September 2014 The Literate Arts: What is the Purpose? As a student I have read several essays, all in different but connecting points of view that explore in depth the diverse ways of education, educating in the literate arts, learning, using the information, and applying it to life. In reading the controversial opinions expressed throughout these essays, the question, â€Å"What are the literate arts good for?† has crossed my mind more than a few times. Four authorsRead MoreArts of the Contact Zone Essay1167 Words   |  5 PagesMary Louise Pratt wrote the essay â€Å"Arts of the Contact Zone† with the purpose of explaining that society would benefit if people were exposed to and understood the concept of â€Å"contact zones†. She refers to contact zones as social spaces where cultures meet and clash with each other, usually with one culture being dominant over the other. A person living in a contact zone is exposed to two different cultures, two different languages, and as a result is presented with a struggle i n each culture toRead MoreCultural Concepts: Appiah’s Ideas and Mary Louise Pratts Analysis745 Words   |  3 Pagesinteractions lead to adoption of new values as well as acceptance of the significance of the beliefs of others. All I all his views are that people will always been known, treated and segregated based on their beliefs, values and norms in their culture (Pratt, 1991). The view of the culture of a particular people will always be esteemed as long it does not create conflicts or imperialism among different societal cultures. The importance of cultural identity is that it gives length to the culture enablingRead MoreContact Zone Essay1766 Words   |  8 Pages2014 The Contact Zone The Holocaust happened because two groups of people were grappling with each and one was stronger than the other. Wars typically occur because two cultures disagree and choose to settle it, and the strong culture prevails. African American and Caucasian people used to be exiled for getting married, because they were different. There are millions of different cultures in the world today and every day is an example of how they clash. An author, Mary Louise Pratt, wrote anRead MoreContact Zones Essay1325 Words   |  6 PagesThe reader is introduced to a term coined and repeated by Pratt throughout the piece, contact zones. She uses this term to refer to social spaces where cultures meet, clash, and grapple with each other, often in contexts of highly asymmetrical relations of power, such as colonialism, slavery, or their aftermaths as they are lived out in many parts of the world today (Pratt 584). Contact zones were not necessarily a positive interaction because these social interac tions usually came out of ignoranceRead MoreAnalysis of States by Edward Said1162 Words   |  5 Pageswith the effects of transculturation. Transculturation, as defined by ethnographers, is â€Å"to describe processes whereby members of a subordinate or marginal groups select and invent from materials transmitted by a dominant or metropolitan culture† (Pratt 491). In other words Palestinians have absorbed parts of the different cultures they are now part of due to the nakba, or catastrophe, which marks the exile of more than 700,000 Palestinian Arabs from what is known today as Israel. On November 30,

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Assignment on Gym Users

Question: Describe about the Gym Chain. Answer: Introduction: The administration of the one of biggest chain of the gym wants to study the numerical information or data corresponding to its users. For this purpose, the Gym Chain wants to analyse the data for the study of the different factors regarding the gym users. By using this data analysis, it will be helpful for the proper management and improvement for increasing the business for the Gym Chain. Also, Gym chain can use these estimates for launching new promotional offers and scheduling the proper time management. Also, it will helpful in taking decisions regarding the different issues in the gym regarding the gym users. It is important to study the different issues for increment of the business. The research study in detail explained in the next topics. Research objectives: It is very important to establish the research objectives for any type of the research study or project because it provides the proper guidelines for carrying out the research process. In this topic we have to discuss the research objectives for the study regarding the data related to the gym users of the biggest gym chain. We want to study the descriptive statistics for the variables included in the data set regarding the gym users. We want to check whether there is any significant relationship or the linear association exists between the different variables or not. Also, we want to check some hypothesis or the claims regarding the different variables under study. We have to check whether the age for the respondents from three countries is same or not. Also, we have to check whether the variables included in the data set are independent of each others or not. Literature Review: Most of the people use the gym for keeping the physical fitness. The business of the gym in the developed country is increasing since last two decades. Due to the tremendous changes in the lifestyles, the need of use of gym becomes necessary for maintaining the body fitness and health. The gym membership is increasing since last two decades and most of the people turns towards the gym for their regular exercise due availability of the different facilities within the gym. The industry of gym, health and fitness club is increasing rapidly. There are so much statistics is available for the gym users within different countries. It was observed that the proportion of the gym users is still very less and it is important to increase the proportion of gym users. Also, some government agencies also work for the health and fitness for the people in the country. Let us see the study of gym users in detail given as below: Research methodology: For this research study, we have to use the different statistical tools and techniques. We have to use the descriptive statistics for getting the general idea about the different variables included in the data set related to the gym users. Also, we have to see some graphical analysis for easy understanding the different facts about the given variables. In this graphical analysis we have to see the bar diagrams and histograms for checking the nature of the data. Also, we have to see the frequency distributions for the different variables under study. It is important to find the correlation between the different pairs of the variables included in the data set regarding gym users. By finding the correlation coefficients we get the extent of amount of linear relationship exists between the two variables. Also, we want to find out the cross tabulations for the variables under study and then by using this cross tabulation we have to use the chi square test for the independence of the varia bles under study. For the purpose of comparing the significant difference between the two population means, we have to use the two sample t test for the population means. For checking the significant difference between more than two variables, we have to use the one way analysis of variance. References: Moses, Lincoln E. (1986) Think and Explain with Statistics, Addison-Wesley Hays, William Lee, (1973) Statistics for the Social Sciences, Holt, Rinehart and Winston Rubin, Donald B.; Little, Roderick J. A.,Statistical analysis with missing data, New York: Wiley 2002 Mosteller, F., Tukey, J. W. (1977). Data analysis and regression. Boston: Addison-Wesley. Mann, Prem S. (1995). Introductory Statistics (2nd ed.). Wiley. Babbie, Earl R. (2009). The Practice of Social Research (12th ed.). Wadsworth. Nick, Todd G. (2007). "Descriptive Statistics". Topics in Biostatistics.New York: Springer.

Tuesday, December 3, 2019

The Mandala of Sherlock Holmes. Great detective adventures in India and Tibet Review Essay Example

The Mandala of Sherlock Holmes. Great detective adventures in India and Tibet Review Paper Essay on The Mandala of Sherlock Holmes. Great detective adventures in India and Tibet I, myself, do not like when other authors, taking as a basis the story trying to create something of their own. Or write their version of continuation novels. An example of blatant abuse, attempt to find the continuation of Gone with the Wind. In general, many examples. I do not know when trying to continue or give new life to the product failed. But, for some reason unknown to me the most, to the resurrection of Sherlock Holmes, I am calmer. Unconditional admiration aroused book Ada Links Playing in Gressoney although I imagine in what horror are sherlokinisty to cooperate Fandorin and Holmes, I also reacted favorably. Less nice I found the works of Kara Dixon. Before Mitch Kalina has not yet reached, but probably still worth it. For the most part, the successors of the maintenance of life of Sherlock Holmes, in the literature that some may not like the message, but try. When reading, a frank never experienced nausea, except that the slight signs of boredom. But, in general, digesti ble Yet another man, a product which applies the word digestible Jamyang Norbu, who put his Sherlock Holmes in India and Tibet. Irritations of the book is not caused, the author tried his sil.I ntonatsii Holmes thoroughly rewritten with Conan Doyle, as regards definitions, the author also tried to plot, well, probably tolerable. As part of the puzzles, but of course the author absolutely does not shine, but one moment, everything was worthy. For skorotaniya pm, not bad, measured narration, beautiful descriptions. Again, if you do not expect something giddy, which actually should not do, you can get pleasure from voskressheniya Sherlock. Its not so bad.

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

Exploring of Erin Ganjus Film on Responsibility Project

Introduction Ethical principles are essential for any organization. These principles help to address ethical issues that arise in organizations. Business organizations face renewed pressure to address ethical issues. Ethical principles take two approaches, namely personal and organizational.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Exploring of Erin Ganju’s Film on Responsibility Project specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Each of the approaches incorporates various views on moral responsibility. Moreover, the approaches provide different ethical principles that can be utilized to solve organizational issues. This paper will explore Erin Ganju’s film on responsibility project. It will also examine ethical issues in organizations. Why the issues in the film are important Educating children is very important as it leads to a knowledgeable generation. Erin narrates how she used to be taught about the world by her parents. In fact, she remembers the places she visited with her parents. Education is therefore crucial to the development of a knowledgeable generation, which would then address societal problems. Good education is vital for children throughout the world in order to help address global challenges. Reading is an important element of education, this helps to impact children with required knowledge at a tender age. Moreover, practical examples are also essential to the development of children. The issues in the film help educators to improve reading culture among children throughout the world. Role of society in swaying organizational principles External pressures need to conform to organizational culture in order to achieve success. Organizations now have a challenge of ensuring close relation with external pressures. Social pressure has become more dominant in organizational issues than before. For instance, external social pressure has brought about ethical transformation in organi zations. Companies now have a social responsibility of involving in community activities and charities. Moreover, they must meet demands of honesty and other social expectations. Eternal social pressure has also moved organizations to look past business laws. Business practices are increasingly being aligned to societal expectations. External social pressure has also integrated internet in its bid to control organizational ethics. In essence, external social pressure plays a big role in shaping organizational ethics. How the issues are relevant to organizational and personal issues All organizations are expected to work within acceptable ethical standards. These include honesty, communal involvement, and personal relations, among others. Education is important in strengthening both personal and organizational principles. Moreover, moral responsibility is adequately achieved when it addresses both personal and organizational issues. It is also important to note that external pressure is influential in determining both organizational and personal issues.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The relationship between ethical and legal issues shown in the film Ethical issue goes beyond legal issues in the film. In fact, it expands to social pressure as opposed to limiting itself to legal issues. In essence, social responsibility is given a new meaning when ethical principles are involved. This means that organizations have the responsibility of implementing not only the laws but also the social needs. Therefore, legal issues are included in ethical issues. For instance, an organization that achieves ethical principles is well within the legal laws. However, organizations that achieve legal laws may find themselves outside ethical principles. Conclusion Ethical principles are essential for any organization. In fact, external social pressures have made it difficul t for organizations to avoid social responsibility. The film advocates for education of children to achieve a knowledgeable generation. Moreover, it places priority on an inclusive form of learning which involves both teachers and parents. Ethical principles are therefore essential in helping organizations address their issues. Reference Ganju, E. (2012). Women in the World: Erin Ganju. Web. This essay on Exploring of Erin Ganju’s Film on Responsibility Project was written and submitted by user Zackery E. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Saturday, November 23, 2019

Hannibalic war essays

Hannibalic war essays The war between Rome and Hannibal can be presented in many different ways. Livy and Polybius are the two main historians on the subject of the Hannibalic war with these two historians presenting the war with both differences and similarities. It is these differences that will be brought forth in the following text with closer attention paid to, the differences between Hannibal and the Roman generals, Hannibals march to Italy, the preparation for battle, tactics that were used during the wars as well as the controversial number of men brought forth to battle by both sides. According to Polybius command in war is the most honorable and serious of all employments (Polyb. 9.20.9). It was the command that won or lost the wars. The qualities for great command were both shrewdness and courage. Courage being defined as leading your men to victory, as well as being the first and last man on the battle field. Generalship on the other hand is defined as more of a skill of shrewdness, gathering intelligence about ones opponents and terrain to lead his men to victory. Polybius (3.48.) tells us that Hannibal had the aid of the Celts that lived near Rhone have crossed the Alps many times and fought side by side the Celts of the Po valley against the Romans. Along with the knowledge of an opponents terrain it is also essential to be able to deploy and maneuver troops in swift decisive movements in order to take advantage of opponents weaknesses. It is with these guidelines that Polybius has set forth that are to be considered the best way to examine the roles of commanders throughout the second Punic war and most importantly the battle of Cannae. The Roman consuls during the battle of Cannae are said to be Gaius Terentius Varro and Lucius Aemilius Paullus. Varro according to Livy (22.26.3) was considered a novus homo who served as a praetor in 218; Varro was also the consul that is to be identified with the lo...

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Why Were Gangster Films So Popular in the 1930s Essay

Why Were Gangster Films So Popular in the 1930s - Essay Example In this regard, people look for ways to spend their time productively and at times, spend time in a leisurely fashion. This latter proclivity is to have some form of entertainment to while away the hours and pass the time so as not to get bored. There are a myriad ways to get entertained such as the travelling shows, circuses and clowns of olden times to the modern video films. A good part of modern entertainment was the rise of Hollywood which cranked out a fair good number of films each year and distributed worldwide for a global audience. There are quite a number of regional film centres as well, such as the copycats of Bollywood, Arabic films of the Middle East, Asian films (Chinese, Korean, Japanese, Thai, etc.) and European films too. These films tackle a wide variety of subjects and topics, almost anything under the sun, only subject to some restraints concerning what is decent and of good morals. Pornography was in the early years of the film industry not that prevalent yet, due to the social mores back then. It is quite different today, where various media are freely accessible, such as Internet and DVD. What is decent and acceptable in films can vary within societies over time as values changed. This is why the popularity of certain film genres wax and wane over time, too. Some of the more popular film genres are action, drama, comedy, horror, adventure, epic and others like musicals, science fiction, war, Westerns, and crime and gangster. This last genre is sometimes of particular interest to movie goers and censors alike because they can portray the real-life stories of criminals and gangsters. This particular genre can be realistic enough when trying to show how criminals lived, do their trade and what they do with their loot. Portrayals can be too realistic for comfort when violence is shown on screen. Gangster films enjoyed its own period of popularity like other film trends in which audiences express their preferences. This paper examines why ga ngster films became so popular and the backlash that resulted in which the film industry adopted guidelines for film makers to abide by, its own code. Discussion The film industry was born when photography was invented and the film makers were able to project their pictures on the wide screen. The earlier films were silent films as it did not have any sound in them. The sound came later on when the phonograph was invented; prior to that, the dialogue was shown on the bottom portion of the film clips as text in which the film goers read what was written in order to make sense of the film's story. The film industry provided a welcome respite from the drabness of ordinary lives of ordinary people. It provided a cheap form of entertainment by which the audience can re-live their fantasies. The early films that were made were not overly realistic in their portrayals of life. Rather, the new film industry enticed audiences by glorying certain aspects and magnifying their expectations. Fil ms were the new forms of escapism and quite cheap to view them, often with proven story lines that were hackneyed and repeated several times over but people welcomed this new medium. But later on, major studios had to contend with the rise of independents (Nowell, 2011:30). Film genres can evolve into several sub-genres as the film industry developed in response to audience preferences. Horror films, for example, have the sub-genres of serial killers, slasher films, teen terror, satanic, science-related like Frankenstein or Dracula, torture and sadism. Its main appeal was to frighten an audience by preying on a person's worst hidden fears. It is the same with crime and gangster films in which the storyline revolves